Saturday, 08 November 2008

The Kin'dom of God | 2008-11-09

Meetings!

Over the next three weeks after the service we will be having meetings. 
I don’t like meetings.
I don’t think Jesus said – now go and have lots of meetings, I think he said: “Go and make disciples.”  But unfortunately the business of making disciples demands a little bit of organisation – something at which I am terrible – that’s where you come in.
Its my guess – in my understanding of the earliest church – the one we read about in the Bible – that a lot of what their weekly meal and service was about was also about co-ordinating what they were going to do in service of God together.
Just conversation that led to action:
“See you tomorrow at sunset – and we’ll go visit the sick.”
“I’m baking bread tomorrow – can I bake you some?”
“Theophilus has a new book from Luke – he says he’ll be reading it out loud on Friday – let’s go and listen.”
Perhaps one of the grandmothers of the church, accustomed to telling stories, someone good at remembering the stories about Jesus said: 
“Bring your kids to my house on Saturday morning and I will tell them some of the stories that I have heard about Jesus.”
*  *  *
One of the things that Nicky Gumbel said has stuck with me:  Church is a lot like a football game.
Thousands of people desperately in need of exercise watching a few people desperately in need of a rest.
I don’t think Paarl Methodist is totally like that – but the goal for the next three weeks will be to get more of us involved in and doing the work of God in this place to build the Kingdom.
This congregation has one minister – and no other staff – so being part of it means taking part in it.
*  *  *

Family in the Story of the Bible

I want to look at a bit at what family means in the story of the Christian scriptures – in order for us to understand what we can do in obedience to God and why we are doing it.

Honest

Often the first verse I think of when I think of families and Christianity is Jesus’ difficult words to us:
35        For I have come to set a man against his father,
and a daughter against her mother,
and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law;
36        and one’s foes will be members of one’s own household.
37 Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and whoever loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me; 38 and whoever does not take up the cross and follow me is not worthy of me.
Matthew 10:35-38
The earliest church was faced with the terrible reality that religion often divides people and families.
In some cases within the early church whole households were converted to Christianity – everyone including slaves baptised in one go.
But where individuals joined the faith there was bound to be conflict; members of elite families who joined the early church would have soon been in trouble for associating, eating and fellowshipping with all the wrong sort of people.  For disrupting the order in society – treating slaves and servants as if they were brothers and sisters.
Roman society and religion centred around the gods of a particular family – the patriarch or male parent, paterfamilias was the priest of the family and his house was practically a temple to the gods of his family. 
When gentiles deserted their domestic religions they literally became divorced from their original families because their rejection of the family Gods was so scandalous.
*  *  *
So we have this picture of divided family – but there is also a picture of a newly created family:  Those who became Christians became part of what was understood to be a whole new clan; when Jesus teaches his disciples to pray he teaches them:
9 “Pray then in this way:
Our Father in heaven,
hallowed be your name.
- Matthew 6:9
When I call God Father by implication I call you brother and sister.
In Romans 6:28 when Paul speaks about the resurrection of Christ he says that he is the firstborn within a large family – the family he is talking about is the great church of which we are all a part.

Christian Household

Within the family of the church – Paul set out codes of behaviour within Christian families:
 In Col 3:18 - 4:1 – reflecting and in some ways revolutionising Roman norms Paul writes about Christian family…
‘Wives, submit to your husbands’
reflecting a Roman norm,
‘husbands, don’t be harsh with / embitter your wives.’
‘children, obey your parents…’
My favourite when I was a teenager:
‘parents do not irritate your children.’
‘slaves – obey your masters…’
Paul draws a picture of Christian family that reflects household order in Roman homes, but he reminds but he ends his passage with a reminder of who we are in relation to God:
“Masters, be fair and just in the way you treat your slaves.  Remember that you too have a Master in heaven.”
- Romans 4:1
Remember that you too have a Master in heaven.
A kind of threatening reminder that you will be held accountable for the way you treat the people in your household – family and staff alike.
A frightening reminder – I think to those who use these verses as an excuse to abuse their wives, children and staff – that one day they will receive what they have given; because our God is merciful, but also a God of justice who ‘protects the weak from the strong’ (Psalm 35:10).
*  *  *
Paul helps the typical Roman household to see how the living God makes a difference in the way they live in and see the world.
In the typical Roman household the Father is head of everything, and he is the family priest – the one who communicates with the gods.
He has a lot of power – he is like a mini God himself; he can treat his family as he likes – in some ways the father is the family’s God.
*  *  *
In Christian families – the relationship is different.  Children, wives, (even) slaves – everyone must be treated with dignity because the God revealed to us in Jesus Christ is King.
The physical father no longer has all the power – he has to be subject to God’s power.
*  *  *
So in Christian families we see a change in the way the world operates, and they become symbols of God’s Kingdom – the family becomes a mini symbol of the Kingdom of God.

A symbol of God’s Kingdom

In the Old Testament we read about how the family is where the Kingdom of God begins.
We hear the thoughts of God about letting Abraham see the destruction of Sodom in Gen 18::
“Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do, seeing that Abraham shall become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed by him?  No, for I have chosen him, that he may charge his children and his household after him to keep the way of the LORD by doing righteousness and justice; so that the LORD may bring about for Abraham what he has promised him”
- Genesis 18:17-19
God wants Abraham (the symbolic father of all of Israel) to raise his family in the way of justice and righteousness – Sodom represents the opposite of this, in Ezekiel 16 we read about why God decided to destroy Sodom:
“This was the guilt of (your sister) Sodom:  she and her daughters had pride, excess of food, and prosperous ease, but did not aid the poor and needy.”
- Ezekiel 16:48
God’s plan for Abraham and his family is that they be a community radically different to those who are proud, greedy, lazy and selfish.
And teaching these values begins at home with the Israelite’s story of the world and who created it and how he wants it to be – and continues through the generous life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ – and then through us the Kingdom living community that Christ begins and empowers with the help of the Holy Spirit.

What should we do?

In scripture we have several pictures of family – Jesus paints a picture of family divided in some cases because of the gospel and the demands of faithfulness to Christ. 
Paul shows how family takes on a new shape as people realise each other’s value in the light of the love of God.
In the Old Testament God shows Abraham is judgment on the selfish on the proud – so that Abraham will raise his descendants to live differently – in a way that establishes the Kingdom of God.
*  *  *
Today people look all over the place for the people and leaders that will change the world.  They invest their hope in Barak Obama; Nelson Mandela; Trevor Manuel and the list goes on and on…
I think they’re looking in the wrong place.
I think we need to look down and not up – I believe that its God’s plan to change the world through the way we raise our families and our children; as we learn to live by the values that Christ has taught us and raise our children to do the same.
*  *  *
After the service – those who are interested will meet together to discuss some of the things that we could do to minister to youth and families in this community, and hopefully bring the Kingdom in that way.
Amen

Saturday, 25 October 2008

The Greatest Commandment | Psalm 40:1-8; Deuteronomy 6:1-9; Matthew 22:34-40

Click here to download the sermon podcast.

The Greatest Commandment

Samuel Johnson, an 18th century writer writes:
"We are more often required to be reminded than informed."
- Samuel Johnson
Today we get reminded – not informed – what is the greatest commandment?  And hopefully most of us will answer quite easily:
'Love God and love your neighbour', or as Jesus replies to a question from a Pharisee who is an expert in the law:
"'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.'  This is the greatest and first commandment.  And a second is like it: 'You shall love your neighbour as yourself.'  On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets."
- Jesus
*  *  *
The beauty of Christianity is its absolute simplicity – we need to be reminded of that. 
According to Jesus this whole big book can be summed up in two commands. 
Love God,
and love your neighbour.
To be a Christian – all you need do is believe in Jesus, and when you believe in Jesus you make his priorities your priorities.
His priorities are:
"Love God,
Love your neighbour."
And his life's actions illustrate this truth. He loves enough to reach out to those who are usually excluded.
He loves enough to take the form of a servant even though he is God. 
He loves even to the point of his own death on the cross.
All of these actions are a physical, a visual illustration of Jesus' love for God and the people that God created.
He simply does the will of the one who sent him – and to do the will of the one who sent him is to love.
*  *  *
One of my favourite books is Mr God this is Anna, (its been a while since I read it).  In it Fynn, who finds Anna, a 5 and a half year old runaway has this conversation with Anna:
'Do you believe in God?'
'Yes.'
'Do you know what God is?'
'Yes.'
'What is God then?'
'He's God.'
'Do you go to church?'
'No.'
'Why not?'
'Because I know it all.'
'What do you know?'
'I know to love Mister God and to love people and cats and dogs and spiders and flowers and trees,' and the catalogue went on, '- with all of me.'
*  *  *
I agree with Anna.
*  *  *
Once you have learnt to love God and people, and perhaps all of God's creation with all of you – you needn't go to church anymore.

Learning to love…

We're here because loving God, ourselves and others is not something we're very good at doing.
We're here because like alcoholics or drug addicts we desperately need each other's and God's help in order to overcome our addictions to selfishness, prejudice, anger and hatred – all those things that keep us from loving.
God is quite easy to love – God is perfect – but people, real people, are obviously not easy to love, nor are they perfect… 
Loving is learning to accept ourselves 'warts and all' and those around us with their 'warts' and love them as we should.

Real People

In my first year of ministry I came home one afternoon – sat down on the couch and began weeping.  Sobbing. 
Ministry brought me in touch with the reality of some of the evil of which people are capable.  I had been visiting people in their homes and asking them to tell me their stories…
I listened to long and difficult stories.  Some were amazingly positive, but many were sad and dark.  Women beaten and abused by their husbands, neglected by their children, forgotten by the church. 
In squatter camps I walked into hot stinking shelters where people were dying of AIDS – rooms that smelled like death – and no one offering meaningful care.
I heard stories of parents who sexually and physically abused their children.
I listened to stories of rape.
I visited a mental asylum where people lived on cement floors – their teeth pulled out to keep them from biting themselves and others, their food some kind of slop.
It was as if someone was peeling away the skin of humanity and showing me that we are not made of sugar and spice and all things snice… but rather slugs and snails and puppy dog's tails – as the rhyme goes.
*  *  *
To love, to really love – we have to learn to love beyond what we like – into the dark places of ourselves and other people that we would rather not visit.

The Command

When we take a closer look at Jesus two most important commandments we realise what Jesus has done with the scriptures of the Old Testament.
The first commandment is part of the Shema, words from Deuteronomy 6 which Jews would recite every morning and evening:
"Hear, O Israel: the LORD (Yahweh) is our God, the LORD alone.  You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might."
- Deuteronomy 6:4-5
People were instructed to keep these words in their hearts, recite them to their children, speak about them at home and when away from home, when going to sleep and when waking up.  A sign on your hand, your forehead, on the doorposts of your house and your gates…
These words should be the centre of your life.
*  *  *
In Jesus interpretation of the law and the commandments he takes Deuteronomy 6:4-5 and adds to it Leviticus 19:18 –
"…you shall love your neighbour as yourself."
- Leviticus 19:18
Not only that, but he tells us that the command to love our neighbour is the same as the command to love God.
When you love the people that I love – you love me too.
When you harm, hate and mistreat the people that I love – you do the same to me.
*  *  *
Loving God is difficult – because loving God means loving his creation, and part of his creation is the messiness of our humanity.
The messiness of who you are and who I am.

Perfect Love

Methodists emphasise the fact that it is not impossible to love perfectly.  Jesus wouldn't command it if he didn't think it was so: 
Speaking about how God loves without prejudice, Jesus instructs us:
"Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect."
- Matthew 5:48
The Apostle Paul writes in Romans 13:10
"Love is the fulfilling of the law."
- Romans 13:10
Christian perfection is to love.  John Wesley would ask in C18 English:
"Do your bowels yearn over them?"
Sounds funny now – but for him – evidence of our relationship with God was the fact that we were learning to love people.  And he asked whether in the pit of our stomachs we felt a hungry kind of love for all those around us.  A love that sometimes moves us to compassion – always moves us to mercy but never to judgment.
Originally the Methodists formed themselves as a group, not a church – Methodists went to their own churches on Sundays.  But they met during the week in class meetings to to speak about how God was transforming them and about doing new things:  They visited prisons, tried to help the poor, set up free dispensaries to give medicine and aid to the sick, they founded schools.  They put their love into action.
They had three simple rulest to guide them, they are part of our rules today too:
*  *  *
Do no harm.
Do all possible good.
Attend to the ordinances of God.
*  *  *

Do no harm…

This meant that Methodists should avoid evil wherever possible.  Especially evil that harms other people.
They insisted that in business Methodists did not make gains to the injury of others by trading on their ignorance, weakness or necessity.
They took a strong stance against corruption and avoided malicious talk.
It is up to each of us to evaluate our lives – asking what harm we do.
We need to ask whether the way we earn our money is honest or harmful, we need to ask if we harm the environment at the expense of future generations.  And if we need to we need to change our ways.
Not because a law requires it – but because love requires it.

Do good of every possible sort…

The Methodists saw this as doing good to people's souls as well as their bodies.  They wanted to tell people about God who created them, loved them and wanted them to live in love.  They wanted to care pastorally and practically for those in prison or hospital – for those trapped in poverty.
How can we find opportunities to do good – as a community, as individuals?

Attend to the ordinances of God

Finally, Wesley called these 'means of grace'.  Ways in which we are transformed into Christlikeness.
Worshipping with other Christians, taking communion, praying, reading the scriptures, fasting and practicing self discipline.
*  *  *
And so the early Methodists grew in obedience to that simple – yet difficult command – to love God with all our heart, mind and soul.
And the second which is just like it:
To love our neighbours as ourselves.
*  *  *
These simple commandments are the foundation on which the Kingdom of God is being built in us, in this community and in this land.
We might – as Anna did – know it all – but to do it all we need each other.
Amen

Saturday, 27 September 2008

Righteousness: Why sex workers are better than priests... | Psalm 25:1-9, Ezekiel 18:1-32, Philippians 2:1-17, Matthew 21:23-32

Click here to download a podcast of this sermon.

Click here for this weeks study guide.

Why are sex workers better?

Matthew 21:23-32
In Matthew's gospel Jesus has a debate with chief priests and elders, at the end of this debate he tells them that prostitutes and tax collectors are better than them.
The people have begun to recognise that Jesus is God's chosen and anointed King, they are listening to him – possibly doing what he teaches them to do…
* * *
The priests and elders of the people – worried about what Jesus is saying, about how he is upsetting the status quo ask: "By what authority are you saying these things?"
(To them, Jesus ideas are a bit unbiblical; and perhaps a bit difficult to hear (challenging)).
Jesus answers their question with a question, a question about authority: "By what authority did John baptize?"
The Pharisees know they have been caught –
They think to themselves:
"If we say his authority came from God – he will ask why we didn't trust what he said…" (Do what he told us to do?)
"If we say it is from men – the people will be angry, because they regarded John as a prophet and believed what he said."
Knowing that they're in trouble whatever they answer – they simply answer:
"We don't know."
* * *
Just like us – the Pharisees are reluctant to take responsibility for their own actions and reactions.

A parable of two sons…

Jesus then tells several parables about responsibility - responding.
We look at the first one this week:
A father asks his sons to go work in the vineyard.
One said yes and didn't, the other said no and did.
The better son is the one that actually did what he was asked to do – even though he didn't at first.
* * *
Faith, for Jesus is not measured by the words we say, or the prayers we pray, but by the things we do…
Prostitutes and tax collectors are better than priests – because they put what John teaches them into practice.
* * *
In Luke's gospel (Chapter 3:9-14), when John preaches and baptizes the people ask:
"What should we do?"
If you have two coats – give one away.
If you're a tax collector – collect only the amount assigned to you.
If you are a soldier – soldier responsibly, don't abuse your power.
If you have lots of food and someone has none – share it.
* * *
John's preaching is undeniably practical. Demanding a practical and not just a symbolic response.
Prostitutes and tax collectors are better than priests – because they obviously responded to John's preaching and changed their ways.

Philippians…

In Paul's letter to the Philippians we are also called to respond to the good news about Jesus.
Last week I spoke about the hope that Paul has in the face of adversity – in this section of the letter he encourages us to respond to that hope.
Philippians 2:1-17
Paul encourages us to be in harmony of mind, to love, to do nothing out of selfish ambition, but to regard others as better than ourselves – look to the interests of others rather than your own.
He makes stringent demands on us – and then he holds up Christ as the example – the living Word.
Paul then quotes what might have been a Psalm of the Early Church, a short statement of praise and belief – in two parts.
One about what Jesus did, the second about what God did.

First Section

Jesus Christ who though he was in the form of God, did not regard equality with God as something to be exploited, but emptied himself, taking the form of a slave, being born in human likeness.
And being found in human form he humbled himself and became obedient to the point of death – even death on a cross.
- Philippians 2:6-8
Paul holds up to us the example of Jesus and asks us to respond by imitating him in his humility.
Jesus – who was 'in the form of God' did not exploit his power – but became like a slave – being born in human likeness…
He goes from the highest point in creation – to live among the lowest.
* * *
Paul goes on – even though he made himself so low – he went even further, he was willing to die.
Not only did he die – he died on a cross.
The lowest, ugliest form of death, reserved for slaves and outcasts. Outlawed as too barbaric, even for killing slaves shortly after Jesus was crucified.
* * *
In dying the way he did Jesus takes the form of the lowest of the low. Making himself the least important in all creation.

Therefore…

Paul joins the first part of the poem with the second using the conjunction 'Therefore'.
Jesus suffering and death was not for nothing:
Paul describes what God did because of what Jesus did:
Therefore God also highly exalted him and gave him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bend, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
- Philippians 2:9-11
God has made all things subject to him. Greeks worshipped gods in the heavens, earth, sea and underworld – Paul announces that whatever beings there are – they must acknowledge Christ's rule – he is exalted above them all.[1]
Because Jesus humbled himself – God raised him up.

Therefore…

Paul tells us what Jesus did – what God did because of what Jesus did – and finally – what we should do, because of what Jesus has done. How we should respond to his authority:

Work out your own salvation…

Paul's command to us is that we should work out our own salvation with fear and trembling (12).
Paul teaches that we are saved by god's grace, through the faith that we put in Jesus (Eph 2:8) – but the nature of that faith is that it is not separated from our actions.
John Wesley said:
"We speak of a faith… which is productive of all good works, and all holiness."[2]
If the priests and elders had believed John they would have responded with action. But they didn't respond – because they didn't acknowledge his authority.
On the other hand – tax collectors and prostitutes did believe, and they did respond – therefore they, in Jesus' words: "…are going into the kingdom of God ahead of you."
* * *
In business, in life, in all things we are constantly faced with practical moral dilemmas. Questions about how we should react to situations, what we should do in situations. No one can make those decisions for you – we are responsible for our own actions.
We should try to follow the example of Jesus.
But Paul acknowledges that each of our lives are complicated – he instructs us to work out our salvation carefully – with fear and trembling.
Fear and trembling means just that – imagine a bomb disposal expert figuring out which wires to cut. That's how seriously we need to take our response to the message of Jesus.
Willing always to make the greatest sacrifices possible to be who God calls us to be.
* * *
That sounds difficult, but Paul carries on – and this is the grace offered us through faith:
"…for it is God who is at work in you, enabling you both to will and to work for his good pleasure."
- Philippians 2:13
We work out our own salvation with fear and trembling – but, at the same time Paul lets us know that God is working in us, moulding, transforming, healing us – helping us to see what we should do, to be who we should be.

Conclusion…

Prostitutes and tax collectors are better than priests because they hear what John says, and they respond.
Jesus challenges the priests with a question – "By what authority did John baptise, was it from heaven (from God) or from people?"
* * *
I ask us to consider - what holds authority in our lives?
Jesus authority is made known to us in his humility – dying on the cross.
His authority is affirmed to us in the fact that God raised him from the dead and made his name higher than any other.
God made him our eternal judge.
* * *
The priest's answer to Jesus question about authority is 'we don't know.'
I invite you to know.
To make up your mind.
And when your mind has been made up – to respond to that authority.
* * *
Today we take communion together, a sacred meal.
When we eat together we remember what Paul is talking about in the letter to the Philippians – Jesus humbled himself even to death on a cross.
We remember that God has raised him up and enthroned him.
As we eat – we remember that he is the bread of life, that God, through his Holy Spirit empowers us to be the people we are called and created to be.
When you take communion today I invite you to respond to God's grace and power offered to you in Christ – to make a commitment to Christ, crowning him as the authority in your life, trusting in his empowering love.
And as you go out to your jobs and your lives, I trust that you will be nourished by the eternal food that he offers you.
Amen.


[1] CS Keener and InterVarsity Press, eds., The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, ed. CS Keener and InterVarsity Press (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1993)
[2] J Wesley, Sermons on Several Occasions (Oak Harbour, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc, 1999), no. 1, para. 3.1.

Saturday, 20 September 2008

Die Happy, Is life worth living? | Psalm 145:1-8; Jonah 3:10-4:11; Philippians 1:21-30; Matthew 20:1-16

Forgot to take my mini disk recorder to church - no podcast this week, sorry.

Die Happy
         Is life worth living?

The title of this sermon is a little morbid I know. 
Church is meant to be a place – or so we think – where we celebrate, where we talk about the good things.  Where we condemn the bad things.  Where good people – neat people – holy people gather on a Sunday.
But if we let our church be only a place of positives – we end up a little out of balance.  A little bit unreal… It becomes for us a little band aid to cover a gaping wound.
*  *  *
In reading and preaching, in much of our theology there is a glaring gap – a gap where we choose not to deal with the difficult and depressing parts of our life stories.
We pick and choose the parts of scripture that are all light and air – and tend to ignore the parts that ask questions.
We prefer to engage with people whose lives are together and happy – we don't like it when life gets smelly and a bit messy.

Questions:

Despair

There are a few characters in the Bible who get really depressed and question why they are alive – or why they should carry on living:
The Ecclesiast exclaims:  "Vanity of vanities!  All is vanity." (Ecclesiastes 1:2)
Job: "Why did I not die at birth?"
Elijah:  "It is enough, now, O LORD, please take away my life, for I am no better than my ancestors." (1 Kings 19:4)
Jonah: "O LORD, please take my life from me, for it is better for me to die than to live…" (Jonah 4:8)

Jonah

The story of Jonah is quite amusing.
We've lost how funny it is because in the last 200 years the thing about the story of Jonah that has worried us the most is whether or not a person can be swallowed by a whale.
That's not really the point.
The point is that it's a satire about Israel's reluctance to share the grace of their God with other peoples (and their animals).
Jonah is carried – by a big fish to Nineveh – to tell them about God and the fact that the road they're heading down leads to destruction. 
Immediately they all repent and fast – even the animals wear sack cloth and ashes as a sign of penetance and God has mercy on them…
Jonah is upset with God – sulks – says he could die – the Lord sends a tree to shade him – the tree dies – he sulks and asks again to die.
God reminds Jonah that the tree belongs to him, God and not to Jonah, and as such Jonah has no right to sulk.  Just as the people of Nineveh also belong to him… and God can love them, have mercy on them if he likes.

Story of the Labourers

In Jesus parable Jesus points out another case of people grumbling…  Rabbi's of Jesus time told a similar story[i] - a story in which those who went out earlier got paid more – and those who went out later got paid less.
In Jesus story the early ones and the late ones get paid the same.
Similar to the story of Jonah – Jesus is telling people to stop grumbling about who seems to get the better deal.

Paul's Joy in Living

Paul is quite different to Jonah and the grumbling labourers in Matthew's gospel.
He gets a raw deal – but continues to believe that life is actually worth living. 
And Paul has had some experiences that would have made most of us give up pretty smartly:
In 2 Corinthians 11 he tells some of the story of what he has been through for the sake of the gospel…
He's been imprisoned, flogged, had 40 lashes minus 1 5 times (40 lashes was meant to kill you).  Been beaten with rods 3 times, stoned once, shipwrecked 3 times, spent a night adrift at sea – he has been in danger from rivers, bandits, his own people and gentiles, in the city and the wilderness, he has been without food, he has been cold and naked…
All these things…
(If I hadn't stopped at being imprisoned, I think the lashing might have convinced me to give up.)  Or at least to moan at God.
In spite of all he has gone through - imprisoned again for the sake of the gospel – possibly facing a sentence of death – he is writing a letter to the Philippians, giving thanks to them and for them, reminding them of the grace of God.  Encouraging them to carry on working for the Kingdom.
For him life is incredibly worthwhile, he doesn't ask to die even though he has no reason to fear death:
"For to me, living is Christ and dying is gain."
- Philippians 1:21
"…my desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better."
- Philippians 1:23
But he chooses life – because for him life is invested with purpose, a purpose that can be worked for the best in spite of whatever circumstances he faces.
*  *  *
He reminds me of the frog in this picture – trying to strangle the bird even though it's already in the bird's mouth.
*  *  *
All he is worried about is that the gospel is proclaimed – he makes sure to tell people about it and live it even when he is in prison.
He rejoices that the Roman guards are hearing about the gospel because he is in prison.
He is happy whether the gospel is proclaimed by preachers with wrong motivation or with right – as long as – in his words – Christ is proclaimed; even though the ones with wrong motivation make it even more difficult for him to do what he is doing.
For Paul – in spite of hardship – in spite of the fact that sometimes it looks like he will be defeated.  Everything is invested with meaning and purpose – and that purpose – is the coming of the Kingdom of God. 
The good news of the gospel.
*  *  *
I think Paul's joy comes from the fact that he knows that in the battle between the frog and the bird…
The frog eventually wins.

Being happy…

Right now, in the world around us, news isn't good.  Economies are suffering because of the greedy actions of people in influential stock exchanges.
I don't really understand what that all means, but I know that Ouma Buttermilk Rusks were R14 a few weeks ago and now they're R19.
*  *  *
We like to grumble.
When I worked as a waiter at Vergelegen in Somerset West I was often tempted to hit people over the head with an empty wine bottle when I heard them whining about the country…
Eating steak, drinking the finest wine on a Spring afternoon and moaning about anything and everything.
It's easy to do.
If I get you started… Zuma, Mbeki, Zimbabwe, Xenophobia, Poverty, BEE in its present shape and form…
I probably won't be able to get you to stop.
I'm moaning about the moaners.
So I'll stop.
*  *  *
In the face of some of the hardship that we are facing today; comparatively small when held up against what Paul has gone through, Christians really do have the opportunity to "shine like stars in the world" as Paul says later on in Philippians 2:15.
But why?
*  *  *
Because like Paul – we believe – that in the end – the frog wins.
*  *  *
In his letter to the Philippians Paul keeps referring to the Christian's hope – the hope of resurrection and the day of justice…
1:6 - …the one who began a good work in you will bring it to completion by the day of Jesus Christ.
1:10 - …so that in the day of Christ you may be pure and blameless, having produced the harvest of righteousness…
1:23 - …my desire is to depart and be with Christ…
2:16 – It is by your holding fast to the word of life that I can boast on the day of Christ that I did not run in vain or labour in vain.
3:10 – I want to know Christ and the power of his resurrection and the sharing of his sufferings by becoming like him in his death…
3:14 - …I press on toward the goal for the prize of the heavenly call of God in Christ Jesus…
3:21 – He will transform the body of our humiliation that it may be conformed to the body of his glory….
*  *  *
In 1 Corinthians 15:19 he writes: "If for this life only we have hoped in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied."
*  *  *
For Paul – the sure and certain hope of the resurrection and the future day of justice makes all the sufferings of this life worthwhile – and that is why he rejoices – even in suffering, even when he is facing death.
Because of this hope, Paul argues, we should continue to work for the Kingdom of God because the Kingdom of God is eternal – and the sufferings of this world are passing distractions on the way.
*  *  *
The Christian life does not take away our pain and suffering.  We will suffer broken relationships, broken bodies, broken dreams – we will like Paul, know what it is to go hungry, know what it is to be in danger.  Hopefully we won't be imprisoned or beaten.  We'll probably suffer disappointment in business we'll probably get sick – suffer from depression – lose our way sometimes…
But ultimately – it will all be worthwhile and we can continue to rejoice – because of the real and present hope we have in Christ.
*  *  *
Paul asks at the end of chapter 1, that we live our lives in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ, that we don't allow ourselves to be intimidated by those who oppose us… because God has "graciously granted you the privilege not only of believing in Christ, but of suffering for him as well…"
I pray that in this we may come to know that life really is worth living; because we know – that in the end – our actions, our sufferings for the Kingdom are not in vain, but eternal.
Amen


[i] CS Keener and InterVarsity Press, eds., The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, ed. CS Keener and InterVarsity Press (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1993), sec. Mt 20

Sunday, 14 September 2008

All God’s People: Worshipping with Weirdoes

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All God's People
(Worshipping with Weirdoes)

A while ago someone said something that struck a false chord in my head. Speaking of a preacher they said: "And he doesn't even believe in the virgin birth; what a weirdo!?"
A weirdo for not believing in the virgin birth…
I think we've forgotten how strange some of the things we believe and do are…
When we eat bread and drink wine here in church we say we are (symbolically) eating and drinking human flesh and blood.
To any one not familiar with our custom of taking communion that's just gross.
Jesus, whom we believe is the Son of God – died on a cross and we believe that he rose again and ascended into heaven.
Friends – if you haven't yet realised that we are the weirdoes I am talking about then you haven't been paying attention.
* * *
Not only are we the weirdoes for believing and doing some very strange things we also should be known as weirdoes because we hold some strange values:
We are called to love unconditionally.
We are called to forgive without seeking revenge.
We give away money.
We believe in the sanctity of marriage.
* * *
You and I are the weirdoes I'm talking about.

Matthew 18:15-20

In this encounter between Jesus and Peter Jesus outlines protocol to be followed in settling a dispute between people in church.
If someone sins against you:
Tell them alone.
If they don't listen:
Take two witnesses with you.
If they still don't listen:
Tell it to the church (leaders)
And if they still don't listen:
Treat them as a Gentile or a Tax Collector.
Earlier on in Matthew's gospel we learn about Jesus attitude to tax collectors:
In Matthew 9:10-13 Pharisees complain about the fact that Jesus keeps company with tax collectors – his response is that he reaches out the most to people who need him the most.
* * *
In their forgiving and incorporating people into the Christian community Peter is called to act as an ambassador of the Kingdom of God… Whatever Peter and the disciples allow on earth will be allowed in heaven.
Much like an ambassador sent to represent their country in a foreign nation – with a certain amount of authority to speak on behalf of the King of the country out of which you came.

We learn…

From this scripture we learn that first of all – Church has never been perfect.
Many Christians speak of the early church as some sort of ideal state, yet right here in the gospels of the New Testament there are instructions for how to resolve conflicts in the church. Jesus has no false hopes for what the church would be…
A group of broken people working out how to be who God created them to be.
United not by the fact that they were somehow perfect – or that they agreed on everything about God – which they certainly did not.
But because they recognised the fact that God had made his love known to them through Jesus Christ, and they were called to be a community that imitated him in the way that they lived.
* * *
Churches are not made up of perfect people – but of people who need to be perfected and transformed by god.
* * *
This changes our perception of what church should be.
Perhaps you know that you are getting church right when people steal your parking space outside and give you a zap sign while they do it – or when you have to take your handbag up to communion because you don't know if someone might help themselves to what is in there.
* * *
Church is s hospital for sinners – not a museum for saints.
So in the letter to the Romans Paul addresses some of the troubles this bunch of people are struggling with.

Romans 14

Historical Context

Paul writes to the church in Rome in about 56AD. In about 49AD Jews were expelled from Rome by the emperor Claudius on account of a trouble maker named "Chrestus".
By the time Paul writes to the Romans the Jews are welcomed back to Rome and in the five years that they have been away the face of the church has changed a little.
Where there used to be Jewish leaders there are now gentile leaders. Where the church probably observed Old Testament laws quite strictly – many of those Old Testament rules have been neglected.
* * *
There are reasons that you shouldn't discuss religion and politics at polite dinner parties… People are usually very passionate about their religion and politics, and passion combined with conviction often leads to argument and even violence.
* * *
Jews and Gentiles disagree about what Jesus means and about how they should observe their religion.
* * *
In short: The Jewish Christians think that the Gentiles are weirdoes and the Gentiles think that the Jews are weirdoes.
In his letter Paul tries to help them understand how to worship together.

Scriptural Context

From chapter 1 to 11:36 (about 2/3 of the letter) Paul argues that Christ is for both Jews and Gentiles.
That we are saved because of the faithfulness of Jesus Christ, and our faith in his faithfulness.
We are not made right with God because of superstitious law keeping, but because God has loved us.
* * *
Paul makes a long argument which I won't cover now but he ends it exclaiming in praise:
"O the depth of the riches and wisdom and 
knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!"
- Romans 11:33
Paul – good at writing words – has thought about this issue for all of his ministry – can not fully describe what he is saying, but he gives it his best shot and ends with praise; I don't really understand why – but it works.
* * *
From chapter 12 onwards he explains the implications of this truth (the truth that God loves and redeems both Jews and gentiles who believe in him) for the practical life of the community.
I appeal to you therefore, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds…
- Romans 12:1-2
And he goes on.
The Christian community is to be a very different one – from 3-8 we learn that it is a diverse community of people with many different gifts.
From 9-21 we learn that it is not a community that makes people great – but one in which people try to out respect one another, in which people are not to seek revenge, in which the only competition is to see who can love the most.
They are to be responsible (law abiding) citizens (13:1-7).
Love of neighbour is the only law that will fulfil the commandments.
And in 14:1-15:6 Paul addresses the matter of diversity in the church, the fact that church is a place where weirdoes gather…
Sometimes the people sitting to our left and right will be quite different to us.

Romans 14:1-23

Eating with weirdoes…

One of the things that the earliest Christians did together was eat. Imagine a diverse bunch of people from all over the known world sharing a meal…
Just imagine a shared meal here in Paarl.
Xhosa people will bring one kind of food – maybe a smiley; English another – pork sausages and mashed potatoe; Afrikaners still another – maybe skilpaadjies and scrambled egg, coloureds another – pickled fish on hot cross buns.
And we'll like some and we won't like some. And that's just a matter of taste.
* * *
But for ancient peoples, especially Jews – what you eat is a matter of religion. Some Jews would starve to death before they ate Pork.
Eating together is not so easy…
But Paul instructs Christians to:
"Welcome those who are weak in faith, but not for the purpose of quarrelling over opinions…"
Some eat anything, while the weak only eat vegetables.
Those who eat must not judge those who don't and those who don't must not judge those who do.
Paul asks: "Who are you to pass judgment on servants of another?"
* * *
Paul begins to paint a picture of what Christian community looks like and one of its best features is the fact that people who think quite differently from one another can fellowship together and worship Christ together.
They can be together because Christians try to outdo one another in showing respect, not in trying to show that they are better than each other.

Weirdoes today…

Whether or not we follow a strict Kosher diet is not a big problem in the church today. But there are other issues over which there are a variety of opinions:
Baptism – some churches don't see the baptism of infants as valid, others do.
Divorce – some churches don't allow divorce, some are OK with it.
The roles of women in leadership – it continues to surprise me that so many churches don't allow women to be ordained as ministers.
Ways of reading scripture – and trust me there are a thousand different approaches.
And one of the big issues of today – an issue which is a source of great pain to people on both sides of the debate – Homosexuality.
* * *
No one's position on any of these issues is a casual matter, but what easily happens is that we simply continue to divide Christ's body up into little pieces that call each other weirdoes while Paul prays – as he does at the end of this section of the letter to the Romans:
"May the god of steadfastness 
and encouragement grant you to live in harmony with 
one another in accordance with Christ Jesus, so that 
together you may with one voice glorify the God and 
Father of our Lord Jesus Christ."
- Romans 15:5-6

Monday, 08 September 2008

Getting Revenge - How to forgive without regretting

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Please excuse the strange format - I preached from a mind map this week.
Getting Revenge
  • Tutu Video
  • Readings
    • Jeremiah 11:18-20
    • Romans 12:1-2 & 14-21
    • Matthew 18:21-35
  • Forgiveness
    • Difficult
      • Personal
        • Abuse
        • Betrayal
        • Cheating in business
      • Social
        • Apartheid
        • Auschwitz
        • World Wars
    • Where is Justice?
      • Internet Ideas
        • Fish in curtain rail
  • Turn the Other Cheek
    • Retaliation
      • Leads to dust and ashes
      • An eye for an eye and soon the whole world is blind.
        • Ghandi
    • Do not retaliate
      • Matthew 5:38-42

        • 38 "You have heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.' 39 But I say to you, Do not resist an evildoer. But if anyone strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other also; 40 and if anyone wants to sue you and take your coat, give your cloak as well; 41 and if anyone forces you to go one mile, go also the second mile. 42 Give to everyone who begs from you, and do not refuse anyone who wants to borrow from you.
    • Cheek
      • 39
    • Cloak
      • 40
        • cf Exodus 22:27

          • 26 If you take your neighbor's cloak in pawn, you shall restore it before the sun goes down; 27 for it may be your neighbor's only clothing to use as cover; in what else shall that person sleep? And if your neighbor cries out to me, I will listen, for I am compassionate.
    • Mile
      • 41
  • Justice
    • We live in a moral universe
      • Good Prevails
    • Exodus 22:27
      • God hears the cry of the afflicted and vows to bring justice
    • Jesus' Parable
      • Forgive
        • 70 times 7
        • cf Mt 6:14

          • 14 For if you forgive others their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you; 15 but if you do not forgive others, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.
        • cf Mt 18:35

          • And in anger his lord handed him over to be tortured until he would pay his entire debt. 35 So my heavenly Father will also do to every one of you, if you do not forgive your brother or sisterk from your heart."
        • If you forgive you will be forgiven
        • If you don't forgive you won't be forgiven
      • Parable
        • Slave
          • Owes 100 000 000
          • Forgiven
        • Other Slave
          • Gets strangled for pennies
    • Who's justice?
      • Choice
        • God's
        • Ours
      • We choose:
        • I will live by God's justice
        • Everyone else will live according to mine
      • Problem:
        • My justice is flaky:
          • I can't see all the angles
          • Retributive
        • I will be judged according to my own system
      • Solution:
        • God's justice
          • Sees the heart
            • who try the heart and the mind,
            • Jer 11:20
              • But you, O Lord of hosts, who judge righteously,
                who try the heart and the mind,
          • Restorative
            • Luke 1:52

              • 52 He has brought down the powerful from their thrones, and lifted up the lowly; The Holy Bible : New Revised Standard Version.

        • I will be judged according to god's system
    • Examples
      • Paul
        • Be kind to your enemies
          • Vengeance is God's
          • Dt 32:35; 2 Sam 22:48; Prov 20:22; Jer 51:56
          • Prov 25:21-22
            • Dead Sea Scrolls
              • Vengeance
            • Wisdom
              • They'll end up confused
              • Red Faced
              • They'll think you're up to something
      • Jeremiah

        • 11:20
          But you, O Lord of hosts, who judge righteously, who try the heart and the mind, let me see your retribution upon them, for to you I have committed my cause. (Je 11:20)
  • Conclusion
    • Christian forgiveness is not unjust
      • We believe that God will judge us and those who harm us
      • God will set the world straight
      • Handing over your debts to God.
  • Forgiveness
    • Is good for your health